12.48inch e-Paper (B)

Introduction

• Dimension： 12.48inch
• Outline dimension (raw panel)：261.5mm × 211mm × 0.3mm
• Outline dimension (Acrylic case)：280mm x 229.5mm
• Display size：252.98mm × 190.90mm
• Working voltage：3.3V/5V
• Interface：SPI
• Dot pitch：0.194mm × 0.194mm
• Resolution：1304 x 984
• Display color：Black, white, red
• Grey level：2
• Full refresh time ：16s
• Refresh power ： 26.4mW(typ.)
• Standby power ：<=0.017mW

【Note】： Refresh time：The data provided is experimental data, the actual time may be a little different.It is normal that the e-Paper blink when full updating.
Power：The power data is experimental data.

SPI timing

• CS is slave chip select, when CS is low, the chip is enabled.
• DC is data/command control pin, when DC = 0, write command, when DC = 1, write data.
• SCLK is the SPI communication clock.
• SDIN is the data line from the master to the slave in SPI communication.

SPI communication has data transfer timing, which is combined by CPHA and CPOL.

1. CPOL determines the level of the serial synchronous clock at idle state. When CPOL = 0, the level is Low. However, CPOL has little effect to the transmission.
2. CPHA determines whether data is collected at the first clock edge or at the second clock edge of serial synchronous clock; when CPHL = 0, data is collected at the first clock edge.

• There are 4 SPI communication modes. SPI0 is commonly used, in which CPHL = 0, CPOL = 0.

As you can see from the figure above, data transmission starts at the first falling edge of SCLK, and 8 bits of data are transferred in one clock cycle. Here, SPI0 is in used, and data is transferred by bits, MSB first.

How do e-Paper display

As we know, this display uses the SPI interface, however, there are two FPC cables. In fact, the 12.48inch e-Paper is combined by four small e-Paper, therefore, to control the e-Paper, you should use four chip select pin.

• Update essence

It works as below：

We name the four areas as S2, M2, M1 and S1 respectively, in demo codes, we will send data to these four area in order.
The resolution of S2 and M1 are same 648*492, and the resolution of M2 and S1 are the same 656*492.
Combine the four display we get the resolution of 12.48inch e-Paper: 1304*984

• Control principle

They are four display indeed, therefore, we need to control four SPI salves：
Generally, the control pins of e-Paper are MOSI, SCLK, CS and DC
And power and reset pins: VCC, GND, RST
Because e-Paper will flash when updating, there is a busy pin：BUSY
To reduce pins, four displays use the same VCC, GND, MOSI and SCK pins. Every two displays use the same DC and RST pins.
Therefore, there are total 16 pins for controlling the e-Paper:

• Codes analysis

To control the e-Paper, you should first reset and initialize registers. And then transmit image data to e-Paper and update.
Here we show you how to transmit the image data：
We take Black-white or Red-white image as a monochrome bitmap. One byte stands for 8 pixels.

S2 and M1: There are 648 pixels per raw, It needs 648/8 = 81 bytes. One display has 492 column,totally have 81 * 492 = 39852 bytes. The same as the M2 and S1: They totally have 40344 per display。
Registers 0x13 and 0x10 are used to control Black-white image data and Red image data transmitting, here we take two-color display as example

void EPD_12in48_Display(const UBYTE *Image)
{
    int x,y;
    //S1 part 648*492
    EPD_S2_SendCommand(0x13);
    for(y = 0; y < 492; y++)
        for(x = 0; x < 81; x++) {
            EPD_S2_SendData(*(Image + (y*163 + x)));
        }

    //M2 part 656*492
    EPD_M2_SendCommand(0x13);
    for(y = 0; y < 492; y++)
        for(x = 81; x < 163; x++) {
            EPD_M2_SendData(*(Image+ (y*163) +x));
        }

    //S1 part 656*492
    EPD_S1_SendCommand(0x13);
    for(y = 492; y < 984; y++)
        for(x = 81; x < 163; x++) {
            EPD_S1_SendData(*(Image+ (y*163) +x));
        }

    //M1 part 648*492
    EPD_M1_SendCommand(0x13);
    for(y = 492; y < 984; y++)
        for(x = 0; x < 81; x++) {
            EPD_M1_SendData(*(Image+ (y*163) +x));
        }
        
    EPD_12in48_TurnOnDisplay();
}

We provide demo codes for four popular hardware platforms, Raspberry Pi, Arduino UNO, STM32 and the ESP32. The product you receive may be pre-assembled, you need to remove the back panel and connect your device like Raspberry Pi.

Raspberry Pi

Hardware connection

The pins used can be found on schematic according to codes

Enable SPI interface

Open terminal and type command

sudo raspi-config

Choose Interfacing Options -> SPI -> Yes. Then reboot the Raspberry Pi

sudo reboot

Libraries installation

• Install BCM2835

wget http://www.airspayce.com/mikem/bcm2835/bcm2835-1.60.tar.gz
tar zxvf bcm2835-1.60.tar.gz 
cd bcm2835-1.60/
sudo ./configure
sudo make
sudo make check
sudo make install

• Install wiringPi

sudo apt-get install wiringpi
cd /tmp
wget https://project-downloads.drogon.net/wiringpi-latest.deb
sudo dpkg -i wiringpi-latest.deb
gpio -v

• Install python2

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install python-pip
sudo apt-get install python-pil
sudo pip install RPi.GPIO
sudo pip install spidev

• Install python3

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install python3-pip
sudo apt-get install python3-pil
sudo pip3 install RPi.GPIO
sudo pip3 install spidev

Download

Open terminal and run commands to download codes

sudo apt-get install p7zip-full
wget http://www.waveshare.net/w/upload/9/9a/12.48inch_e-Paper_Module_Code_RPI.7z
7z x 12.48inch_e-Paper_Module_Code_RPI.7z  -r -o./12.48inch_e-Paper_Module_Code
sudo chmod 777 -R 12.48inch_e-Paper_Module_Code
cd 12.48inch_e-Paper_Module_Code

Run codes

• C codes

cd c
sudo nano examples/main.c

Confirm that which kind of 12.48inch e-Paper do you use. If you use the two-color display, modify the file as below

If you use the tree-color display, modify the file as below

Save then compile and run the code

sudo make clean
sudo make
sudo ./epd

• Python codes

Open terminal and run the demo codes by commands:

cd python/examples

For two-color version

sudo python epd_12in48_test.py

For three-color version

sudo python epd_12in48B_test.py

• Python codes-Weather

cd python/examples

For two-color display

sudo python Show_EN_Weather.py

For three-color display

sudo python Show_EN_Weather.py B

For help information

sudo python Show_EN_Weather.py help

Arduino

Hardware connection

You can directly insert the Arduino UNO to PCB

About the pins used:

Run codes

Download demo codes from wiki and unzio it.

Copy the 12in48 folder to the libraries directory which is under the installation directory of Arduino IDE.(The installation directory generally is C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\libraries)

Open Ardunin IDE software, choose Tool->Board->Arduino UNO:

Click File -> Examples -> EPD12in48 to opem demo cods

If your e-Paper is two-color version, use the epd12in48-demo, otherwise, use the epd12in48b-demo

Compile and download the codes to board

STM32

The development board we use is Waveshare Open103Z. The project is developed based on STM32 HAL libraries.

Hardware connection

To assemble the Open32, you should connect it by wires provided.

About the pins used, you can refer to e-paper.ioc file.

Run codes

Open the project (~\STM32\NUCLEO-F103RB\MDK-ARM\e-paper.uvprojx), compile and download to developmen board. It requires about 10s for the two-color version and 20s for three-color display.

ESP32

The demo codes for ESP32 are developed with Arduino IDE as well.

Software setup

To develop ESP32, you should first set up the environment.

• Download the newest Arduino IDE from Arduino website: https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Software
• Download ESP32 pack from github: https://github.com/espressif/arduino-esp32/archive/master.zip . Unzip the achieve to [Arduino IDE installation direcotry]/Hardare/espressif/esp32 directory. (If you didn't find the path under the installation directory, please create the folders manually)
  
  

• Enter the tools folder, and run the get.exe file as administrator. After installing, Copy the esp32-epd-12in48 folder of ESP32 demo codes to [Arduino IDE installation directory]/Hardware/espressif/esp32/libraries
  
  

Hardware connection

Here we use Waveshare e-Paper ESP32 Driver Board as an example. Attach it on PCB.

About the pins used, you can refer to schematic and codes

Examples 1

Open Arduino IDE software, and find the examples on File->Examples

If you use two-color e-Paper, choose the epd12in48-demo, otherwise, use the epd12in48B-demo

WiFi example

As we know, ESP32 features WIFI, you can set it as master or slave. Here we provide demo codes that control the e-Paper on the web by WIFI.

• You need to first modify the wifi connection information. Open the Web_App.cpp file and modify the line 50 and line 51:

：

• Open wifi.ino file, compile and download it to your ESP32 board. Open Serial monitor to query the IP address
  
  

• Open the Chrome browser, and enter the web with the IP address
  
  

• Select the display type, here we take 12.48inch e-Paper (two-color version) as example:

Click 12.48 e-Paper, and there are six functions provided. You can use them to draw points, lines and so on. On the top of the webpage, the type of e-Paper and display color are shown.

• The corresponding coordination of display is as below.
  
  

1. Draw points

   Click Draw point then you will get the window as below.
   

   

   
   

2. Draw lines

   Click Draw Line, you will get the window as below
   

   

   
   

3. Draw Rectangle

   Click Draw Rectangle, you will get the window as below
   

   

   
   

4. Draw circle

   Click Draw Circle, you will get the window as below
   

   

   
   

5. Draw String

   Click Draw String, you will get the windows as below
   

   

   
   

6. Display picture

   Click Show picture, you will get the window like below. Click upload image to choose a picture.
   

   

   
   

   Draw the page to bottom to check the original picture.
   

   

   
   

   Select a process algorithm, for two-color display, only the mono methods work.
   

   

   
   

7. Finally, click the upload image button on left to upload image to e-Paper for displaying.
   
   

You can open the Serial monitor of IDE to check the debug information

You can also press F12 button to open the debug console of browser

Document

• Schematic
  

Demo codes

• Demo codes (full)
  
• Demo codes (Pi)
  
• Github
  

Datasheet

• 12.48inch e-Paper datasheet
  

To：

Dear Customers, There may be a lag of several hours before we could process your order, depending on the time difference between your location and ours. Sincerely hoping your understanding!

Email(support)

services01@spotpear.com