【I2C enable and Search】

】Enable I2C

[] Method 1

Enable i2c in config.txt sudo nano /boot/config.txt

Add at the bottom of the configuration file

dtparam=i2c_arm=on

Crtl+O to save, Ctrl+X to exit

sudo reboot

Reboot to take effect

[] Method 2

[] Method 3

Use raspi-config to directly enable i2c

sudo raspi-config nonint do_i2c <0/1>

Parameter 0: Enable I2C

Parameter 1: Disable I2C

】Search enabled i2c devices

】Search i2c device address

Because i2c1 is enabled by default and UPS also uses i2c1, here we only use i2c1 as an example:

sudo i2cdetect -y 1

The address of the power reading and writing chip is detected to be 0x36

【GUI display battery status】

】Install Software

】Edit code file

】Add the following code to the file

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import PhotoImage
import smbus
import time
import threading
device_address = 0x36
VCELL = 0x02
SOC = 0x04
SOC1 = 0x05
MODE = 0x06
VERSION = 0x08
CONFIG = 0x0C
COMMAND = 0xFE
bus = smbus.SMBus(1)
def read_custom_bits(device_address, register, num_bits):
num_bytes = (num_bits + 7) // 8  # 计算所需的字节数
    # 从设备中读取指定字节数的数据
data = bus.read_i2c_block_data(device_address, register, num_bytes)
    # 将字节数据转换为位串
bit_string = ''.join(format(byte, '08b') for byte in data)
    # 从位串中提取指定位数的数据
result = int(bit_string[:num_bits], 2)
    return result
def update_data():
    while True:
VCELL_data = read_custom_bits(device_address, VCELL, 12)
SOC_data = bus.read_byte_data(device_address, SOC)
SOC1_data = bus.read_byte_data(device_address, SOC1)
# MODE_data = bus.read_byte_data(device_address, MODE)
# VERSION_data = bus.read_byte_data(device_address, VERSION)
# CONFIG_data = bus.read_byte_data(device_address, CONFIG)
# COMMAND_data = bus.read_byte_data(device_address, COMMAND)
        # 更新标签文本
vcell_label.config(text=f"Battery voltage: {VCELL_data * 0.00125:.4f} V")
soc_label.config( text=f"Battery level: {SOC_data + (SOC1_data / 256):.2f} %")
# vcell_label.config(text=f"VCELL: {VCELL_data * 0.00125:.4f} V")
# soc_label.config(text=f"SOC: {SOC_data + (SOC1_data / 256):.2f} %")
# mode_label.config(text=f"MODE: {MODE_data}")
# version_label.config(text=f"VERSION: {VERSION_data}")
# config_label.config(text=f"CONFIG: {CONFIG_data}")
# command_label.config(text=f"COMMAND: {COMMAND_data}")
time.sleep(0.5)
def start_update_thread():
threading.Thread(target=update_data, daemon=True).start()
root = tk.Tk()
root.title("I2C Data Monitor")
root.attributes("-fullscreen", True)
# 添加Logo
logo = PhotoImage(file="/home/pi/battery_status_code/logo.png")
logo_label = tk.Label(root, image=logo)
logo_label.pack(pady=10)
vcell_label = tk.Label(root, text="Battery voltage: ", font=("Helvetica", 16))
vcell_label.pack(pady=10)
soc_label = tk.Label(root, text="Battery level: ", font=("Helvetica", 16))
soc_label.pack(pady=10)
#vcell_label = tk.Label(root, text="VCELL: ", font=("Helvetica", 16))
#vcell_label.pack(pady=10)
#soc_label = tk.Label(root, text="SOC: ", font=("Helvetica", 16))
#soc_label.pack(pady=10)
#mode_label = tk.Label(root, text="MODE: ", font=("Helvetica", 16))
#mode_label.pack(pady=10)
#version_label = tk.Label(root, text="VERSION: ", font=("Helvetica", 16))
#version_label.pack(pady=10)
#config_label = tk.Label(root, text="CONFIG: ", font=("Helvetica", 16))
#config_label.pack(pady=10)
#command_label = tk.Label(root, text="COMMAND: ", font=("Helvetica", 16))
#command_label.pack(pady=10)
button = tk.Button(root, text="Close", command=root.quit, font=("Helvetica", 16))
button.pack(pady=20)
# 启动更新数据的线程
start_update_thread()
# 绑定按键事件，按F11键切换全屏模式，按Esc键退出全屏模式
root.bind("<F11>", lambda event: root.attributes("-fullscreen", not root.attributes("-fullscreen")))
root.bind("<Escape>", lambda event: root.attributes("-fullscreen", False))
root.mainloop()

】Execute program

】Automatic startup

[] Create Python script

[] Create a systemd service file

[] Add the following code to the file

[Unit]
Description=Tkinter GUI Application
After=graphical.target
[Service]
User=pi
Environment=DISPLAY=:0
ExecStart=/usr/bin/python3 /home/pi/battery_status_code/battery_status_GUI_app.py
Restart=always
[Install]
WantedBy=graphical.target

[] Reload systemd configuration

[] Enable and start the service

[] Verify whether the service is running

Check the status of the service using the following command

sudo systemctl status gui_app.service

If the service is running normally, you will see the status of the service as `active (running)'.

【Command line display battery status】

】Edit code file

】Add the following code to the file

import smbus
import time
import sys
device_address = 0x36
VCELL = 0x02
SOC = 0x04
SOC1 = 0x05
MODE = 0x06
VERSION = 0x08
CONFIG = 0x0C
COMMAND = 0xFE
bus = smbus.SMBus(1)
def read_custom_bits(device_address, register, num_bits):
num_bytes = (num_bits + 7) // 8  # 计算所需的字节数
    # 从设备中读取指定字节数的数据
data = bus.read_i2c_block_data(device_address, register, num_bytes)
    # 将字节数据转换为位串
bit_string = ''.join(format(byte, '08b') for byte in data)
    # 从位串中提取指定位数的数据
result = int(bit_string[:num_bits], 2)
    return result
def clear_screen():
    # 清除屏幕并将光标移动到起始位置
sys.stdout.write("\033[H\033[J")
sys.stdout.flush()
while True:
clear_screen()
VCELL_data = read_custom_bits(device_address, VCELL, 12)
SOC_data = bus.read_byte_data(device_address, SOC)
SOC1_data = bus.read_byte_data(device_address, SOC1)
MODE_data = bus.read_byte_data(device_address, MODE)
VERSION_data = bus.read_byte_data(device_address, VERSION)
CONFIG_data = bus.read_byte_data(device_address, CONFIG)
COMMAND_data = bus.read_byte_data(device_address, COMMAND)
    # 打印读取的数据
    print(" Battery status \n")
    print("Battery voltage:", (VCELL_data * 0.00125))
    print("Battery level :", SOC_data + (SOC1_data / 256), "%")
    print()
    
time.sleep(1)

】Execute program

【Resources】

Register function explanation：